Guardians of the Frost: Essential Tips for Winter Weather Survival

A snowstorm in the initial weeks of 2025 serves as a reminder of the significance of winter weather safety. From safe driving practices to health considerations and emergency readiness, there is much to keep in mind each winter. We have put together a compilation of safety recommendations to help you enjoy the winter landscape securely!

Understand the Distinction

• Winter storm warning. Issued when dangerous winter conditions in the form of heavy snowfall, serious freezing rain, or significant sleet is impending or taking place. These are usually communicated 12 to 24 hours before the anticipated start of the event.
• Winter storm watch. Alerts the community to the potential for a blizzard, heavy snowfall, heavy freezing rain, or intense sleet. These are generally issued 12 to 48 hours prior to the onset of a winter storm.
• Winter weather advisory. Issued for accumulations of snow, freezing rain, freezing drizzle, and sleet which will create considerable inconveniences and, without precaution, could result in life-threatening situations.

Frostbite and Hypothermia

• Frostbite leads to loss of sensation and color around the face, fingers, and toes.
• Symptoms: Numbness, white or grayish-yellow skin, firm or waxy skin.
• Steps to Take: Move to a warm area. Immerse in warm water. Use body heat for warmth. Avoid using a heating pad.
• Hypothermia indicates an abnormally low body temperature. A temperature below 95 degrees is a critical situation.
• Symptoms: Shivering, fatigue, confusion, clumsy hands, memory issues, slurred speech, or drowsiness.
• Steps to Take: Move to a warm environment. Warm the core of the body first – chest, neck, head, and groin.

(Source: Ready.gov)

Driving in Winter Conditions

If you must drive during or following a winter storm for work or emergencies, there are several measures you can adopt to ensure your journey is as safe as possible. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) suggests:

• Reduce your speed
• Regularly check your tires.
• Clear all snow and ice from your vehicle prior to driving.
• Avoid crowding a snow plow or driving alongside the truck. Snow plows operate slowly, make broad turns, frequently stop, overlapping lanes, and exit the road regularly.
• Keep your gas tank near full whenever feasible. For electric cars, maintain warmth in your vehicle during cold conditions. Plug your vehicle in at night during winter to keep the battery temperature within optimal ranges.

It is also crucial to ensure your car is equipped with necessary supplies in case you become stranded in a storm or in traffic due to an incident.

• Have jumper cables, sand or kitty litter (to assist your tires with traction when stuck), a flashlight, and warning devices (like flares and emergency markers).
• Include blankets, a cellphone charger, water, snacks, and any essential medications.
• Keep your fuel tank near full whenever possible.
• If trapped in your vehicle, remain inside as much as possible. If you need to venture outside, wear multiple layers of warm clothing.
• Be observant for signs of frostbite and hypothermia (see symptoms and treatments below).
• Minimize your risk of a heart attack by avoiding excessive exertion while shoveling and walking in the snow.
• Regularly check to ensure your exhaust pipe is clear of snow or other blockages. Carbon monoxide is often called a silent killer because it is invisible and odorless.

(Source: NHTSA.gov)

Heart Health

As snow builds up, we may overexert ourselves while shoveling, traversing through snow, or even using a snow thrower. Every year, hospital emergency departments report an increase in heart-related issues following a snowstorm. Harvard Health provides these recommendations for shoveling:

• Warm up your muscles prior to commencing.
• Shovel numerous light loads rather than fewer heavy ones.
• Take regular breaks.
• Stay hydrated.
• Do not feel compelled to clear every single piece of snow from your property.
• Go indoors immediately if you experience chest pain, dizziness, shortness of breath, rapid heartbeat, or any other physical changes that concern you. If you suspect a heart attack, call 911.

Resources:

Safety Guidelines: During & After a Winter Storm | CDC.gov

A Winter Wonderland Can Turn Deadly with Heart Attacks Brought on by Snow Shoveling | American Heart Association