Sunday night (Oct. 5) will carry us a wonderful alternative to make a constructive identification of what many contemplate to be essentially the most stunning of all telescopic objects, the ringed planet Saturn. And one other celestial physique will assist level the way in which to it: the moon, which shall be 24 hours from formally turning full — additionally this yr’s Harvest Full Moon.
As I’ve famous over time right here at Space.com, to the bare eye, Saturn doesn’t possess any excellent options to name consideration to it. It lacks the dazzling, eye-popping brilliance of Venus or Jupiter and it doesn’t have the fiery orange-yellow colour of Mars. Instead, it appears like a vivid yellowish-white “star”. Around 8 p.m. native daylight time, look about one-quarter of the way in which up from the east-southeast horizon, and you may spot it — even for those who do not instantly understand it is the photo voltaic system’s ringed surprise.
But on Sunday, Saturn will sit slightly below the moon, making it simple to trace down. If the skies are clear, it is an ideal likelihood to ask associates and neighbors over to see two of the very best sights within the night time sky.
First, the moon
Another prominent lunar impact crater is Copernicus, located slightly northwest of the center of the moon’s Earth-facing hemisphere. It is easy to identify whenever it is sunlit, and along with Tycho, it is readily identifiable by its brilliant rays emanating from its center. Under high lighting, the Tycho and Copernicus rays are so dominant that they make other features difficult to locate.
Next comes Saturn
After you are done showing off the moon to your friends, it will be time to turn your telescope toward Saturn. Your clenched fist at arm’s length is equal to roughly 10 degrees. So, Saturn will be situated less than “a quarter of a fist” (2.2 degrees) below the moon.
Saturn’s famous ring system, as seen by us, had been growing narrower since 2017, and earlier this year it narrowed to nothing. On March 23, the rings appeared “edge-on” from our earthly perspective and in the days that followed, their angle of inclination toward Earth slowly increased, reaching 2.2 degrees on May 5. And yet, the rings were still all but invisible because while the south side of the rings was tipped toward us, the sun was illuminating the north side. On May 6, the sun began shining on the south side and the rings reappeared, albeit as nothing more than a thin bright line bisecting Saturn’s disk.
On Sunday, any telescope with an eyepiece magnifying at least 30x will show the rings, although they still appear as nothing more than a bright narrow line, as their inclination angle has again diminished to just 1.4 degrees.
But be patient, for things will gradually improve in the years to come.
During the spring, Saturn reached what we might call the autumnal equinox of its orbit, at which its north pole was tilted forward, and its ring plane appeared edge-on toward the sun. A quarter of its 29.46-year orbit later, in April 2032, will be Saturn’s winter solstice, when the southern hemisphere, and the southern face of the rings, will be most exposed to the sun and to us. At that time, the rings will be tilted at a maximum of 26.75 degrees in our direction (referred to as the maximum “Saturnicentric latitude”).
And so, a year from now . . . and especially two years from now . . . the rings will be more readily visible and then, even for experienced, seasoned observers, the sight of Saturn’s rings in a moderate or large telescope will bring surprise and astonishment!
They’re not all that close
A final “gee-whiz” fact that you can reveal to your friends is that what you are seeing in Sunday’s sky is an illusion of perspective. The moon and Saturn are nowhere near each other in space. The moon will be 227,000 miles (365,000 km) from Earth, while Saturn is more than 3,500 times farther away at 797 million miles (1.283 billion km).
Joe Rao serves as an instructor and guest lecturer at New York’s Hayden Planetarium. He writes about astronomy for Natural History magazine, Sky and Telescope and different publications.
Editor’s Note: If you get an incredible picture of the moon and Saturn and want to share it with Space.com’s readers, ship your picture(s), feedback, and your identify and site to spacephotos@area.com.