The contribution of foreign-born moms to Canadian births from 1997 to 2024

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Acknowledgements

The creator would
prefer to thank a number of Statistics Canada colleagues for his or her contribution to
this examine. Laurent Martel, Anne Milan, Éric Caron-Malenfant, Nora Galbraith,
David Pelletier, Ana Fostik, and Pascale Beaupré supplied suggestions on early
variations of this doc. Martin St-Pierre additionally provided invaluable recommendation on the
undercoverage of sure populations within the census and populations within the
examine. In addition, the help of Nicole Watt-Durant and Sarah Erskine in
extracting and analyzing the very important statistics knowledge on births was significantly
appreciated. Also, Julie Faubert lent a serving to hand through the validation of
the info. Lastly, our counterparts on the Institut de la statistique
du Québec (ISQ) supplied invaluable help in processing sure knowledge
particular to Quebec.

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Highlights

• In 2024, greater than two in 5 newborns (42.3%) in Canada had a
  foreign-born mom (i.e., a mom who was born outdoors Canada), a proportion
  that has practically doubled in simply over 1 / 4 of a century (22.5% in 1997).




• The adjusted proportion of foreign-born ladies amongst ladies of
  childbearing age was estimated at 32.3% within the 2021 Census, barely decrease than
  the proportion of births to foreign-born moms, which was 33.0% the identical yr.
  This development has been noticed within the final 5 censuses, suggesting that foreign-born
  ladies usually tend to give start in Canada than Canadian-born ladies of the
  identical age.




• Without the contribution of foreign-born moms, the entire quantity
  of births in Canada would have declined sooner since 2010.




• Without the contribution of foreign-born people to births and
  deaths, pure improve in Canada would have been damaging since 2022.




• In 2024, practically three in 5 infants (57.0%) born to moms over
  the age of 40 had a foreign-born mom. At the opposite finish of the spectrum,
  amongst infants born to moms aged 19 and beneath, simply over 1 in 10 infants (12.8%)
  had a foreign-born mom.




• In 2024, Ontario and British Columbia had the best proportion of
  births to foreign-born moms (48.7% every), whereas the bottom proportion was
  noticed within the Atlantic provinces (23.6%).




• From 1997 to 2024, the biggest will increase within the variety of births to
  foreign-born moms had been recorded in Saskatchewan (+437%), the Atlantic
  provinces (+298%), Alberta (+264%) and Manitoba (+206%).




• Among all births in Canada, the proportion of moms born in India
  elevated practically fivefold, rising from 2.1% in 1997 to 10.3% in 2024. As a
  consequence, India was probably the most prevalent nation of origin amongst foreign-born
  moms in 2024.




• After India, the second-most widespread nation of origin amongst
  foreign-born moms in 2024 was the Philippines, representing 3.1% of all
  births, adopted by China (2.0% of all births).

Introduction

Canada has been experiencing
a decline in fertility since 2009 which has accelerated since 2017 (Provencher
and Galbraith, 2024). Over the identical interval, Canada has skilled unprecedented
inhabitants progress attributable to sturdy worldwide migration (Statistics Canada,
knowledge visualization 71-607-X2019036). To higher perceive these demographic occasions,
this examine measures the contribution of foreign-born ladies to births in Canada
by analyzing very important statistics start knowledge from 1997 to 2024. First, an evaluation
of the evolution of the variety of births to foreign-born moms from 1997 to
2024 is in contrast with births to Canadian-born moms over the identical interval,
adopted by a take a look at the precise month-to-month fluctuations that occurred throughout
the COVID-19 pandemic. Next, the distribution of births in Canada by the
mom’s fatherland is examined for a similar interval, adopted by a
simulation of the estimated stage of pure improve by mitigating the
contribution of foreign-born people. This is adopted by a comparability of
the proportion of births to foreign-born moms in Canada with these recorded
in different nations. The variation and proportion of births in response to the
mom’s fatherland are then mentioned. The examine then appears on the major
nations of start of foreign-born moms during the last quarter of a century,
adopted by an outline of nationwide variations within the prevalence of
foreign-born moms by their age on the time of their baby’s start, as nicely
as modifications of their common age of childbearing. Finally, an evaluation by the
moms’ province or area of residence is offered.

Evolution
of the variety of births in Canada by mom’s fatherland

The whole variety of births in
Canada would have declined since 2010 with out the contribution of foreign-born
moms

The annual
variety of births to foreign-born moms typically elevated from 1997 (78,785)
to 2024 (154,687). The largest exception to this development
was the interval from 2019 (126,516) to 2020 (123,594), when this quantity decreased 2.3%. This decline coincided with the
first yr of the COVID-19 pandemic, a yr marked by the bottom inhabitants
progress (in quantity) since 1945,^Note 
or the top of World War II (Statistics Canada, 2021). The restrictions put in
place on the border and on journey in March 2020 to curb the unfold of the virus
led to a lower within the variety of worldwide migrants, which fell by practically
half in contrast with 2019 (from 341,174 to 184,594). Furthermore, Canada misplaced
extra non-permanent residents^Note 
than it gained (-96,066). Such losses had not been seen since 2015 (Statistics
Canada, knowledge visualization 71-607-X2019036).

However, from
2022 to 2024, the nation noticed a big inflow of newcomers (Statistics Canada, desk
17-10-0040-01). At the identical time, the variety of births to foreign-born ladies rose
significantly throughout this era, with annual will increase of three.4% in 2022, 8.9% in 2023, and 11.7% in 2024. The improve in 2024 is by far the
largest of the will increase noticed through the interval of examine (from 1997 to 2024).
As demonstrated under, the other development occurred for births to Canadian-born moms,
which contributed to the rise within the proportion of births to foreign-born
ladies.

Data desk for Chart 1

Data desk for Chart 1

Table abstract
The info is grouped by Year (showing as row headers), Total births, Births to Canadian-born moms and Births to foreign-born moms, calculated utilizing quantity items of measure (showing as column headers).

Year	Total births	Births to Canadian-born moms	Births to foreign-born moms
	quantity
Notes: Births the place the mom’s fatherland is unknown had been prorated utilizing the donor imputation. Data for 2024 are thought of preliminary. Sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics – Birth Database (CVSB).
1997	349,532	270,747	78,785
1998	342,950	265,251	77,699
1999	337,795	260,050	77,745
2000	328,577	249,143	79,434
2001	334,591	253,494	81,097
2002	329,863	247,792	82,071
2003	336,317	251,486	84,831
2004	338,975	251,107	87,868
2005	345,307	254,737	90,570
2006	357,877	262,859	95,018
2007	370,311	271,490	98,821
2008	381,838	280,050	101,788
2009	384,638	281,309	103,329
2010	379,177	275,198	103,979
2011	379,231	274,331	104,900
2012	383,101	273,093	110,008
2013	381,054	271,659	109,395
2014	384,577	271,672	112,905
2015	382,979	269,138	113,841
2016	384,023	265,465	118,558
2017	378,280	257,531	120,749
2018	375,086	251,593	123,493
2019	373,889	247,373	126,516
2020	361,582	237,988	123,594
2021	372,564	249,452	123,112
2022	355,134	227,894	127,240
2023	352,644	214,137	138,507
2024	365,737	211,050	154,687

Data desk for Chart 2

Data desk for Chart 2

Table abstract
The info is grouped by Year (showing as row headers), Total births, Births to Canadian-born moms and Births to foreign-born moms, calculated utilizing annual change (p.c) items of measure (showing as column headers).

Year	Total births	Births to Canadian-born moms	Births to foreign-born moms
	annual change (p.c)
Notes: Births the place the mom’s fatherland is unknown had been prorated utilizing the donor imputation. Data for 2024 are thought of preliminary. Sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics – Birth Database (CVSB).
1998	-1.9	-2.0	-1.4
1999	-1.5	-2.0	0.1
2000	-2.7	-4.2	2.2
2001	1.8	1.7	2.1
2002	-1.4	-2.2	1.2
2003	2.0	1.5	3.4
2004	0.8	-0.2	3.6
2005	1.9	1.4	3.1
2006	3.6	3.2	4.9
2007	3.5	3.3	4.0
2008	3.1	3.2	3.0
2009	0.7	0.4	1.5
2010	-1.4	-2.2	0.6
2011	0.0	-0.3	0.9
2012	1.0	-0.5	4.9
2013	-0.5	-0.5	-0.6
2014	0.9	0.0	3.2
2015	-0.4	-0.9	0.8
2016	0.3	-1.4	4.1
2017	-1.5	-3.0	1.8
2018	-0.8	-2.3	2.3
2019	-0.3	-1.7	2.4
2020	-3.3	-3.8	-2.3
2021	3.0	4.8	-0.4
2022	-4.7	-8.6	3.4
2023	-0.7	-6.0	8.9
2024	3.7	-1.4	11.7

During this
interval, births to Canadian-born moms adopted a unique trajectory than births
to foreign-born moms. Following virtually fixed annual declines (-1.7% on
common) within the variety of births till 2002 (247,792), a interval of progress
adopted till 2009 (281,309). This interval was marked by the federal authorities
enhancing parental go away, including 25 weeks of parental advantages to the present 10
weeks, for a complete of fifty weeks together with maternity go away (Human Resources and
Skills Development Canada, 2005). In addition, a rise within the variety of
ladies of childbearing age (the youngsters of the infant growth era additionally referred to as
the “baby boom echo”) could have contributed to this progress. In reality, the outcomes
of the 2006 Census confirmed a five-year improve within the variety of Canadian-born
ladies aged 25 to 29, in addition to a rise within the variety of ladies aged 25 to
29 and 30 to 34 within the 2011 Census (in response to unpublished census knowledge).

The subsequent
decline in births to Canadian-born moms adopted the 2008/2009 international
recession triggered by the collapse of the U.S. housing market (Lindquist,
2022). This decline accelerated additional starting with the COVID-19 pandemic
(-3.8% in 2020) and, after a rebound in 2021 (+4.8%), continued unabated in
2022 (-8.6%), in 2023 (-6.0%) and in 2024 (-1.4%). In reality, the momentary
improve in births in Canada in 2021 was pushed by the contribution of
Canadian-born moms, whereas foreign-born ladies gave start to barely fewer
infants (-0.4%) in 2021 in comparison with 2020.

In brief, given
the decline in births amongst Canadian-born moms, and with out the contribution
of foreign-born moms, births in Canada would have declined sharply as of 2010.

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Monthly
births throughout and after the COVID-19 pandemic in response to the mom’s place
of start

Some of the biggest month-to-month
declines between June 2020 and May 2021, adopted by report month-to-month will increase
in 2023 and 2024 for births to foreign-born moms

The COVID-19
pandemic led to a worldwide financial recession that additionally affected Canada. It is
well-known that fertility behaviours are influenced by main disruptive occasions
equivalent to pandemics, environmental disasters, and financial slowdowns or
recessions (Alderotti et al., 2021; Fostik and Galbraith, 2021; Matysiak et
al., 2021; Teng and Margolis, 2024; Winkler-Dworak et al., 2024). Typically,
the response to those disruptions is to delay deliberate being pregnant quite than
completely forgo having a(nother) baby (Sobotka et al., 2011). Monthly births
throughout Canada fluctuated through the COVID-19 pandemic (Provencher and
Galbraith, 2024), however had been these modifications the identical in response to the moms’
fatherland?

Births to
foreign-born moms elevated virtually yearly between 1998 and 2024.
However, 2020 and 2021 had been uncommon years, because the year-over-year month-to-month
declines had been among the many largest of the interval and occurred consecutively from
May 2020 to May 2021 (see Table 3 within the appendix). Border crossing
restrictions following the COVID-19 pandemic declaration occurred throughout that
interval. This downward development was additionally noticed within the U.S. month-to-month knowledge on
births to foreign-born moms (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
2025).The years 2023 and 2024 stood out attributable to report annual will increase in
births (8.9% and 11.7%, respectively), in addition to report year-over-year month-to-month
will increase in nearly each month throughout this era (see Table 4 within the appendix).

Data desk for Chart 3

Data desk for Chart 3

Table abstract
The info is grouped by Month of start (showing as row headers), Year, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023 and 2024, calculated utilizing quantity items of measure (showing as column headers).

Month of start	Year
	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
	quantity
Notes: Births the place the mom’s fatherland is unknown had been prorated utilizing the donor imputation. Data for 2024 are thought of preliminary. Sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics – Birth Database (CVSB).
January	9,603	10,059	10,171	10,458	8,958	9,912	10,823	12,310
February	8,875	8,957	9,089	9,455	8,965	9,018	10,058	11,752
March	9,612	10,097	10,253	10,436	10,306	10,069	11,011	12,284
April	9,675	9,933	10,188	10,250	9,875	9,825	10,641	12,340
May	10,113	10,500	10,577	10,548	10,494	10,598	11,419	12,775
June	10,123	10,305	10,313	10,145	10,584	10,712	11,085	12,508
July	10,563	10,621	11,410	10,792	10,952	11,117	12,090	13,489
August	10,623	10,927	11,101	10,692	10,707	11,494	12,043	13,814
September	10,588	10,714	11,221	10,675	10,882	11,292	12,373	13,351
October	10,430	10,716	11,026	10,661	10,666	11,240	12,560	13,662
November	10,255	10,324	10,439	9,889	10,433	10,970	12,157	13,225
December	10,289	10,340	10,728	9,593	10,290	10,993	12,247	13,177

Record month-to-month will increase in 2021
and a number of the largest month-to-month decreases in 2022 and 2023 for births to
Canadian-born moms

The first yr of
the COVID-19 pandemic was characterised by a big decline within the quantity
of births to Canadian-born moms, particularly as of March 2020, with
more and more massive variations noticed within the subsequent months (see Table 5
within the appendix). This interval coincided with border crossing restrictions and
lockdown measures imposed by authorities authorities throughout the nation.
However, the truth that there was a better decline in births from May to November
2020, despite the fact that these kids had been conceived between August 2019 and February
2020, means that this decline could also be unrelated to the onset of the COVID-19
pandemic. Furthermore, this decline
can’t be as a result of stillbirth charge, which decreased that yr^Note  (Statistics Canada, desk 13-10-0427-01; Statistics
Canada, desk 13-10-0414-01; creator’s calculations). Moreover, abortions can’t be used as a possible
influencing issue attributable to a scarcity of historic comparability earlier than 2020^Note 
(Canadian Institute for Health Information, 2025).

Data desk for Chart 4

Data desk for Chart 4

Table abstract
The info is grouped by Month of start (showing as row headers), Year, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023 and 2024, calculated utilizing quantity items of measure (showing as column headers).

Month of start	Year
	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
	quantity
Notes: Births the place the mom’s fatherland is unknown had been prorated utilizing the donor imputation. Data for 2024 are thought of preliminary. Sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics – Birth Database (CVSB).
January	20,805	20,490	20,069	19,794	18,839	18,848	17,220	17,566
February	19,478	18,751	18,452	18,494	18,497	17,406	15,697	16,619
March	21,794	21,061	20,509	20,207	21,436	18,944	18,025	17,464
April	21,066	20,475	20,330	19,929	20,583	18,860	17,532	17,596
May	22,293	22,376	21,725	20,854	21,842	20,014	18,522	18,559
June	22,107	21,508	21,360	20,326	22,016	19,635	18,805	18,093
July	23,098	22,708	22,630	21,720	22,812	20,493	19,107	18,914
August	23,168	22,732	22,433	20,801	22,401	20,515	18,922	18,572
September	22,352	21,727	21,311	20,447	22,097	19,497	18,263	17,889
October	21,615	21,067	20,697	19,521	20,797	18,795	18,290	17,610
November	20,200	19,645	19,189	17,948	19,483	17,900	17,114	16,431
December	19,555	19,053	18,668	17,947	18,649	16,987	16,640	15,737

The sole
exception to the reducing start development amongst Canadian-born moms occurred in
2021, when a report improve in births was recorded, pushed by will increase throughout
the months from March to December (see Table 6 within the appendix). This surge of
births suggests a “rebound” of births beforehand postponed within the early months
of the COVID-19 pandemic.

The evolution of
the variety of births to Canadian-born moms in 2022 and 2023 stood out, in
that the year-over-year month-to-month declines had been among the many largest throughout this
interval and occurred in virtually each month. The yr 2024 partly coincided with
the return of decreases seen earlier than the pandemic, each on a month-to-month and annual
foundation.

Births within the United
States to U.S.-born moms additionally noticed vital month-to-month variations beginning in
2020, however the magnitude of those variations was smaller; there have been
declines in 2020, 2022, and 2023 and will increase in 2021 (Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention, 2025).

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Distribution of births in Canada by mom’s place of
start

The proportion of births to
foreign-born moms practically doubled in 28 years

Between 1997 and
2015, the proportion of births to foreign-born moms rose progressively from
22.5% to 29.7%. It then started to extend at a sooner tempo till the yr
earlier than the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, reaching 33.8% in 2019, which represents
a mean annual improve of 1 proportion level, in contrast with a mean of
0.4 proportion factors from 1997 to 2015. This acceleration coincided with
marked will increase in Canada’s immigration targets from 2016 to 2019
(Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada, 2016a, 2016b, and 2017),
significantly within the household reunification program. As a consequence, the variety of
births to foreign-born ladies seems to be delicate to immigration ranges.
Furthermore, new immigrants had been extra more likely to have extra kids than
immigrants who’ve been in Canada for a number of years (Bélanger and Gilbert,
2003; Wilson, 2013; Street, 2015). In different phrases, fertility depth declines
with time spent in Canada, no matter age.

In the years
thereafter, the contribution of foreign-born moms to the entire variety of
births in Canada diversified. In 2021, the proportion of births to foreign-born
moms was down barely (33.0%) from the earlier yr (34.2%), at a time
when births to Canadian-born moms elevated, whereas births to foreign-born
moms decreased barely.

Data desk for Chart 5

Data desk for Chart 5

Table abstract
The info is grouped by Year (showing as row headers), Proportion of births to foreign-born moms, calculated utilizing proportion (p.c) items of measure (showing as column headers).

Year	Proportion of births to foreign-born moms
	proportion (p.c)
Notes: Births the place the mom’s fatherland is unknown had been prorated utilizing the donor imputation. Data for 2024 are thought of preliminary. Sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics – Birth Database (CVSB).
1997	22.5
1998	22.7
1999	23.0
2000	24.2
2001	24.2
2002	24.9
2003	25.2
2004	25.9
2005	26.2
2006	26.6
2007	26.7
2008	26.7
2009	26.9
2010	27.4
2011	27.7
2012	28.7
2013	28.7
2014	29.4
2015	29.7
2016	30.9
2017	31.9
2018	32.9
2019	33.8
2020	34.2
2021	33.0
2022	35.8
2023	39.3
2024	42.3

In 2022, the
contribution of foreign-born moms to births in Canada resumed the development
noticed earlier than 2021, with this proportion rising to 35.8%. The improve
continued in 2023 and 2024, reaching a report excessive of 42.3% in 2024.

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The inhabitants of
foreign-born ladies in response to the census

When evaluating the proportion
of births to foreign-born moms from very important statistics knowledge with the
proportion of foreign-born ladies utilizing census knowledge, the latter proportion is
constantly decrease. For instance, the distinction ranged from -2.3 proportion
factors (in 2021) to -4.5 proportion factors (in 2006). Similar to the proportion
of births to foreign-born moms, the proportion of foreign-born ladies aged 15
to 49 elevated through the interval, from 20.0% in 2001 to 30.7% in 2021.

Data desk for Chart 6

Data desk for Chart 6

Table abstract
The info is grouped by Year (showing as row headers), Foreign-born ladies aged 15 to 49 (unadjusted quantity) (A), Foreign-born ladies aged 15 to 49 (adjusted quantity) (B), Births to foreign-born moms (C) and Difference (in proportion factors) (C) – (A), calculated utilizing proportion (p.c) items of measure (showing as column headers).

Year	Foreign-born ladies aged 15 to 49 (unadjusted quantity) (A)	Foreign-born ladies aged 15 to 49 (adjusted quantity) (B)	Births to foreign-born moms (C)	Difference (in proportion factors) (C) – (A)
	proportion (p.c)
Note .. not accessible for a particular reference interval Note … not relevant Notes: Births the place the mom’s fatherland is unknown had been prorated utilizing the donor imputation. Data for 2024 are thought of preliminary. The time period “p.p.” means “percentage point.” For extra info on the census knowledge adjustment methodology, consult with the “Data source, definitions and methods” part. Sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics – Birth Database (CVSB), Census of Population, 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016 and 2021.
1996	19.1	19.7	.. not accessible for a particular reference interval	.. not accessible for a particular reference interval
1997	… not relevant	… not relevant	22.5	… not relevant
1998	… not relevant	… not relevant	22.7	… not relevant
1999	… not relevant	… not relevant	23.0	… not relevant
2000	… not relevant	… not relevant	24.2	… not relevant
2001	20.0	20.8	24.2	4.2
2002	… not relevant	… not relevant	24.9	… not relevant
2003	… not relevant	… not relevant	25.2	… not relevant
2004	… not relevant	… not relevant	25.9	… not relevant
2005	… not relevant	… not relevant	26.2	… not relevant
2006	22.1	23.2	26.6	4.5
2007	… not relevant	… not relevant	26.7	… not relevant
2008	… not relevant	… not relevant	26.7	… not relevant
2009	… not relevant	… not relevant	26.9	… not relevant
2010	… not relevant	… not relevant	27.4	… not relevant
2011	24.3	25.7	27.7	3.4
2012	… not relevant	… not relevant	28.7	… not relevant
2013	… not relevant	… not relevant	28.7	… not relevant
2014	… not relevant	… not relevant	29.4	… not relevant
2015	… not relevant	… not relevant	29.7	… not relevant
2016	27.1	28.7	30.9	3.8
2017	… not relevant	… not relevant	31.9	… not relevant
2018	… not relevant	… not relevant	32.9	… not relevant
2019	… not relevant	… not relevant	33.8	… not relevant
2020	… not relevant	… not relevant	34.2	… not relevant
2021	30.7	32.3	33.0	2.3
2022	… not relevant	… not relevant	35.8	… not relevant
2023	… not relevant	… not relevant	39.3	… not relevant
2024	… not relevant	… not relevant	42.3	… not relevant

However, census knowledge are
topic to web undercoverage of the inhabitants (Statistics Canada, 2024a).
Although typically modest, this undercoverage impacts sure subpopulations
greater than others, together with non-permanent residents and their dependents,
immigrants, and younger grownup males. When an tailored adjustment issue for these
subpopulations is utilized to 2021 Census knowledge for correction functions, the
proportion of foreign-born ladies is estimated at 32.3% (see the part “Data
sources, definitions, and strategies” for extra info on estimation), a
consequence that is still under the proportion of births to foreign-born moms. This
distinction suggests, however doesn’t affirm, that these ladies proportionally have
extra newborns in Canada than Canadian-born ladies.

Contribution of the foreign-born inhabitants to pure improve in Canada

Without the contribution of births to foreign-born moms
and deaths of individuals born outdoors Canada, pure improve would have been in
the damaging since 2022

A rustic’s
inhabitants progress relies on pure improve (births minus deaths) and
migratory improve (immigrants plus non-permanent residents minus emigrants).
Not solely do immigrants play a serious position in worldwide migration, however they
additionally contribute to pure improve by having kids within the host nation and
dying there. In Canada, pure improve has begun to say no total since
2010, primarily as a result of deaths are rising yr over yr attributable to inhabitants
progress and getting old, but in addition due to an total decline in births amid decrease fertility.
As a consequence, pure improve noticed one in all its lowest ranges in 2023 (26,426 folks), after reaching a low of 18,136
folks the earlier yr.^Note 

Data desk for Chart 7

Data desk for Chart 7

Table abstract
The info is grouped by Year (showing as row headers), Natural improve and Natural improve by lowering the contribution of foreign-born people, calculated utilizing quantity items of measure (showing as column headers).

Year	Natural improve	Natural improve by lowering the contribution of foreign-born people
	quantity
Notes: Births the place the mom’s fatherland is unknown had been prorated utilizing the donor imputation. Death knowledge for 2023 are thought of preliminary. Sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics – Birth Database (CVSB), Canadian Vital Statistics – Death Database (CVSD).
1997	133,677	106,630
1998	124,837	98,438
1999	117,960	92,568
2000	110,473	82,341
2001	114,900	84,885
2002	106,121	75,787
2003	109,964	78,811
2004	112,399	77,143
2005	114,847	78,451
2006	129,340	87,515
2007	135,062	90,914
2008	143,280	95,661
2009	146,097	96,903
2010	138,917	89,253
2011	135,496	85,740
2012	136,118	82,024
2013	128,529	76,999
2014	125,678	72,256
2015	118,454	65,468
2016	116,459	60,111
2017	99,668	44,241
2018	89,064	31,814
2019	88,274	28,508
2020	52,767	4,677
2021	59,352	12,222
2022	18,136	-29,117
2023	26,426	-37,011

So what would
pure improve appear like if the contribution of foreign-born people had been
lowered^Note  ? According to the outcomes of a simulation that removes births to
foreign-born moms and subtracts deaths of individuals born outdoors Canada,
pure improve would have began to be within the damaging (i.e., extra deaths
than births) in 2022. If we glance extra intently on the parts of pure
improve, births to foreign-born moms had been on the rise, not like births to
Canadian-born moms, which slowed the decline in pure improve ensuing
from extra deaths amongst each foreign-born and Canadian-born people. Also, the proportion of deaths that had been foreign-born individuals
remained typically secure through the interval, starting from 22.6% (from 2010
to 2012) to 24.4% (in 2020).

International comparability

Canada has the best proportion
of births to foreign-born moms amongst 9 chosen nations

The proportion
of births to foreign-born moms was in contrast for 9 nations, which had been
chosen primarily based on knowledge availability, an ordinary definition of foreign-born
moms (versus a extra restrictive definition of moms who shouldn’t have
citizenship within the host nation, for instance) and their classification as
high-income nations (World Bank, 2025). In 2023, Canada had the best
proportion of births to foreign-born moms (39.3%), adopted by Australia
(36.5%). The United States had been within the center (30.7%), whereas the bottom
proportion among the many chosen nations was within the Netherlands (21.3%), intently
adopted by Denmark (21.9%).

Main
nations of origin amongst foreign-born moms

The share of births to moms born in India elevated
virtually fivefold from 1997 to 2024

Although there have been 270 potential nations of origin of the mom
recorded on start registrations for the interval of examine (which typically embody
areas of start when the nation shouldn’t be recognized), probably the most prevalent on the
nationwide stage had been India, China, the Philippines, Pakistan, the United States,
Sri Lanka, and Mexico.

Data desk for Chart 8

Data desk for Chart 8

Table abstract
The info is grouped by Year (showing as row headers), Sri Lanka, China, India, Mexico, Pakistan, Philippines and United States, calculated utilizing proportion (p.c) items of measure (showing as column headers).

Year	Sri Lanka	China	India	Mexico	Pakistan	Philippines	United States
	proportion (p.c)
Notes: Births the place the mom’s fatherland is unknown had been prorated utilizing the donor imputation. Data for 2024 are thought of preliminary. Sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics – Birth Database (CVSB).
1997	0.7	1.1	2.1	0.3	0.4	1.5	1.3
1998	0.7	1.2	2.3	0.4	0.5	1.4	1.3
1999	0.6	1.3	2.2	0.4	0.6	1.5	1.2
2000	0.7	1.6	2.4	0.4	0.8	1.5	1.2
2001	0.7	1.6	2.5	0.5	0.8	1.5	1.2
2002	0.7	1.9	2.5	0.5	1.0	1.5	1.1
2003	0.7	1.8	2.6	0.5	1.1	1.5	1.1
2004	0.7	2.2	2.9	0.5	1.2	1.5	1.1
2005	0.8	2.2	2.9	0.6	1.2	1.6	1.1
2006	0.7	2.2	2.9	0.6	1.3	1.6	1.1
2007	0.8	2.5	2.8	0.6	1.2	1.7	1.0
2008	0.7	2.3	2.8	0.7	1.3	1.7	1.0
2009	0.7	2.2	2.8	0.8	1.3	1.9	1.0
2010	0.7	2.3	2.8	0.8	1.3	2.0	1.0
2011	0.7	2.4	3.0	0.8	1.2	2.2	1.0
2012	0.7	2.9	2.9	0.7	1.2	2.3	1.0
2013	0.7	2.7	3.0	0.7	1.2	2.5	1.0
2014	0.6	3.1	3.0	0.7	1.2	2.6	1.0
2015	0.6	2.7	3.2	0.7	1.3	2.8	1.0
2016	0.6	3.2	3.3	0.7	1.4	2.8	1.0
2017	0.6	3.0	3.7	0.7	1.4	3.0	1.0
2018	0.6	2.8	4.1	0.7	1.4	3.0	1.0
2019	0.6	2.9	4.7	0.8	1.4	3.1	1.0
2020	0.6	2.3	5.5	0.8	1.5	3.1	1.0
2021	0.6	2.0	5.9	0.8	1.4	2.8	1.0
2022	0.6	2.0	6.7	0.8	1.6	3.0	1.0
2023	0.5	2.0	8.7	1.1	1.6	3.0	0.9
2024	0.5	2.0	10.3	1.1	1.7	3.1	0.9

Three key findings about the primary nations of start of foreign-born
moms throughout this era had been recognized. First, from 2016 to 2024, the share
of Indian-born moms amongst all births in Canada rose quickly, from 3.3% to
10.3%. This improve coincides with a progress within the share of the inhabitants of Indian-born
ladies of childbearing age residing in Canada in recent times.^Note 

Second, throughout the identical interval, the proportion of Chinese-born
moms amongst all births decreased from 3.2% to 2.0%; however, it was
virtually double the proportion in 1997 (1.1%). From 2016 to 2021, the proportion
of Chinese-born ladies aged 15 to 49 within the feminine inhabitants of the identical age
group in Canada remained secure.^Note 

Third, the proportion of Philippines-born moms amongst all births doubled
from 1997 (1.5%) to 2024 (3.1%), surpassing the proportion of Chinese-born
moms from 2018 onward. This is in line with a rise within the proportion of Philippines-born ladies aged 15 to 49 amongst ladies of the identical age group in
Canada.^Note 

Distribution
of births in Canada, by moms’ fatherland, age group and common age of childbearing

In 2024, ladies born outdoors Canada
accounted for almost all of births to ladies aged 40 or over

A constant
gradient was noticed over the interval of examine: the contribution of
foreign-born ladies to births elevated with age. Notably, the proportion of
births to foreign-born moms beneath the age of 25 was at all times under the
proportion for all ages, whereas the other was true for these aged 35 and
over. In 2024, 12.8% of births to ladies aged 19 or beneath
had been to foreign-born ladies, in contrast with 57.0% of births to ladies aged 40 or over.
In 1997, these proportions had been 7.9% and 38.7%, respectively.

Data desk for Chart 9

Data desk for Chart 9

Table abstract
The info is grouped by Year (showing as row headers), 19 years or beneath, 20 to 24 years, 25 to 29 years, 30 to 34 years, 35 to 39 years, 40 years or over and All ages, calculated utilizing proportion (p.c) items of measure (showing as column headers).

Year	19 years or beneath	20 to 24 years	25 to 29 years	30 to 34 years	35 to 39 years	40 years or over	All ages
	proportion (p.c)
Notes: Births the place the mom’s fatherland is unknown had been prorated utilizing the donor imputation. Data for 2024 are thought of preliminary. Sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics – Birth Database (CVSB).
1997	7.9	16.1	21.9	25.7	30.3	38.7	22.5
1998	8.0	15.9	21.8	26.3	30.3	38.7	22.7
1999	8.2	15.9	21.6	27.0	31.0	37.9	23.0
2000	8.9	17.1	22.9	27.8	32.5	37.1	24.2
2001	9.1	17.5	22.5	27.3	33.0	37.6	24.2
2002	9.2	17.2	23.1	28.1	34.1	38.7	24.9
2003	9.2	17.7	23.0	28.4	34.6	38.9	25.2
2004	8.9	18.8	23.4	28.9	35.4	39.4	25.9
2005	9.2	19.0	23.7	28.9	35.7	41.4	26.2
2006	8.8	19.0	24.0	29.0	36.4	42.9	26.6
2007	7.9	18.4	24.2	28.8	37.5	44.3	26.7
2008	8.0	18.1	24.5	28.3	37.6	46.0	26.7
2009	7.5	18.4	24.4	28.6	37.8	45.9	26.9
2010	7.2	18.2	25.2	29.1	38.0	45.9	27.4
2011	6.7	17.4	25.4	29.6	37.9	46.4	27.7
2012	7.3	17.2	26.4	31.1	38.4	46.8	28.7
2013	7.1	16.5	26.1	31.1	38.1	48.0	28.7
2014	7.3	16.3	26.3	31.8	39.1	49.7	29.4
2015	7.3	16.2	26.4	31.9	39.6	48.6	29.7
2016	8.2	16.8	26.9	33.3	40.4	50.3	30.9
2017	8.9	17.7	27.5	34.3	41.5	50.1	31.9
2018	8.9	18.1	27.5	35.3	42.7	52.2	32.9
2019	9.5	18.9	27.9	36.0	43.7	52.7	33.8
2020	9.8	20.1	28.3	36.0	43.6	52.4	34.2
2021	9.4	19.3	26.3	34.3	42.7	52.0	33.0
2022	11.1	21.9	29.6	36.7	45.1	53.1	35.8
2023	13.4	26.6	34.3	39.6	47.2	55.1	39.3
2024	12.8	29.4	39.0	42.3	48.9	57.0	42.3

The decrease contribution of foreign-born moms to births in 2021 occurred constantly throughout all age teams of moms. In 2023, the 19-or-under, 20-to-24, 25-to-29 and 30-to-34 age teams noticed the biggest year-over-year will increase within the contribution of foreign-born moms to births over your entire interval (+20.7%, +21.5%, +16.1% and +8.1%, respectively). Annual will increase for these age teams had been among the many highest in 2024 (excluding these aged 19 or beneath), just like 2022.

From 1997 to
2024, foreign-born moms aged 35 to 39 years and 40 years and over had the
largest percentage-point will increase of their contribution to the entire variety of
births: 18.7 proportion factors and 18.3 proportion factors, respectively.

The common age of foreign-born
moms is constantly larger than that of Canadian-born moms

According to
very important statistics knowledge, the common age of childbearing^Note  elevated
through the interval from 1997 to 2024, each amongst foreign-born moms (from 30.5
years to 32.7 years) and Canadian-born moms (from 28.6 years to 31.3 years).
The common age of childbearing of foreign-born moms was constantly larger
than that of Canadian-born ladies by a mean of two.0 years. However, the hole
started to slim in 2022 and stood at 1.4 years in 2024. This could partially be due
to the truth that the common age of Canadian-born ladies has continued to
improve, whereas that of foreign-born ladies started to say no.

The most
necessary issue driving the distinction within the common age of Canadian-born moms
and foreign-born moms is that foreign-born ladies arrive in Canada later in
life and, because of this, usually are not all uncovered to the danger of getting a toddler (in
Canada) from age 15, as Canadian-born ladies are. Furthermore, some foreign-born
ladies could have had kids earlier than arriving in Canada, or their common whole
variety of kids could also be larger than that of Canadian-born moms. Both
components might additionally contribute to elevating the common age of childbearing of
foreign-born moms in Canada.

Data desk for Chart 10

Data desk for Chart 10

Table abstract
The info is grouped by Year (showing as row headers), Foreign-born moms and Canadian-born moms, calculated utilizing common age in years items of measure (showing as column headers).

Year	Foreign-born moms	Canadian-born moms
	common age in years
Notes: Births the place the mom’s fatherland is unknown had been prorated utilizing the donor imputation. Data for 2024 are thought of preliminary. Sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics – Birth Database (CVSB).
1997	30.52	28.61
1998	30.61	28.62
1999	30.74	28.70
2000	30.73	28.76
2001	30.86	28.92
2002	30.98	28.97
2003	31.07	29.09
2004	31.12	29.20
2005	31.17	29.23
2006	31.26	29.24
2007	31.40	29.24
2008	31.45	29.27
2009	31.51	29.33
2010	31.63	29.47
2011	31.77	29.57
2012	31.84	29.67
2013	31.99	29.80
2014	32.12	29.89
2015	32.25	30.05
2016	32.34	30.16
2017	32.43	30.29
2018	32.61	30.44
2019	32.70	30.57
2020	32.73	30.69
2021	32.94	30.90
2022	32.94	31.04
2023	32.77	31.17
2024	32.73	31.31

Births
by mom’s fatherland and province of residence

Births to foreign-born moms
elevated at a sooner tempo within the Prairies and the Atlantic provinces

From 1997 to 2024, the variety of births to foreign-born moms
elevated in all of the provinces. ^Note  Ontario noticed the biggest improve (+27,564),
adopted by Alberta (+17,387), Quebec (+13,127) and
British Columbia (+7,597).
Conversely, the variety of births to Canadian-born moms fell in all
provinces.

From 1997 to
2024, the rise in births to foreign-born moms outpaced the decline in
births to Canadian-born moms in Ontario and the Prairie provinces.^Note 

From 1997 to
2024, the biggest proportion will increase within the variety of births to foreign-born
moms occurred in Saskatchewan (+437%), the Atlantic provinces (+298%),
Alberta (+264%) and Manitoba (+206%). One cause for these massive will increase is that
these areas, aside from Alberta, initially recorded a comparatively small quantity
of births to foreign-born moms. British Columbia, the place this quantity was
already excessive in 1997, noticed the smallest relative improve (+55%).

For a lot of the
years studied, all of the provinces noticed annual progress within the variety of births to
foreign-born moms (see Table 7 within the appendix). The solely exception was the
first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic, when all provinces recorded a few of
the sharpest declines in births in a single or each years of this era.
Conversely, in 2023 and 2024, a number of the largest will increase in births to
foreign-born moms had been recorded in all of the provinces.

Although a big
proportion of Canada’s births to foreign-born moms occurred in Ontario, this
share has decreased over time, largely in favour of Alberta. In 2024, 45% of
births to foreign-born moms had been in Ontario, down from 54% in 1997. The
demographic weight of girls aged 15 to 49 who had been born outdoors Canada and residing
in Ontario additionally fell between the 1996 and 2021 censuses (55% and 49%,
respectively). In Alberta, this proportion was 16% in 2024, up from 8% in 1997.
The proportion of foreign-born ladies aged 15 to 49 residing in Alberta additionally
elevated between the 1996 and 2021 censuses, from 8% to 11%.

The widespread declines in births
to Canadian-born moms within the provinces as of 2017 intensified in 2022 and
2023

From 1997 to
2024, the biggest proportion decreases within the variety of births to Canadian-born
moms occurred within the Atlantic provinces (-39%), British Columbia (-27%) and Quebec
(-23%). The decreases within the different provinces had been round 21% over the identical
interval, excepting Alberta, the place the relative decline was the smallest (-9%).

Fewer births to
Canadian-born moms affected most provinces after the 2008/2009 international
recession (see Table 8 within the appendix). Widespread declines amongst all
provinces had been noticed as of 2017, besides in 2021, when one of many largest will increase
over the interval of the examine occurred in all however one province.^Note  In virtually
all of the provinces, a number of the strongest drops had been recorded in 2022 and 2023, adopted
by declines just like these noticed simply earlier than the pandemic in 2024.

Distribution of births within the provinces by the mom’s
fatherland

Nearly half of all births in
Ontario and British Columbia in 2024 had been to foreign-born ladies

Overall,
Canada’s provinces noticed the identical basic development because the nationwide common, i.e., the
contribution of foreign-born ladies to births progressively elevated from 1997 to
2020, then decreased from 2020 to 2021, and at last rose sharply from 2022 to
2024.

Data desk for Chart 11

Data desk for Chart 11

Table abstract
The info is grouped by Year (showing as row headers), Canada, Atlantic provinces, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia, calculated utilizing proportion (p.c) items of measure (showing as column headers).

Year	Canada	Atlantic provinces	Quebec	Ontario	Manitoba	Saskatchewan	Alberta	British Columbia
	proportion (p.c)
Notes: Births the place the mom’s fatherland is unknown had been prorated utilizing the donor imputation. Data for 2024 are thought of preliminary. Sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics – Birth Database (CVSB).
1997	22.5	4.6	15.3	31.7	12.6	5.1	17.8	30.9
1998	22.7	4.2	15.5	31.7	12.1	4.7	18.0	31.3
1999	23.0	4.3	15.7	32.3	12.4	4.8	18.1	31.5
2000	24.2	4.6	16.5	33.8	13.7	5.3	18.8	33.3
2001	24.2	4.5	16.5	34.1	13.2	4.9	18.5	32.6
2002	24.9	4.6	17.3	35.0	13.8	4.8	19.1	33.2
2003	25.2	4.8	18.3	35.2	13.6	5.3	19.7	32.6
2004	25.9	4.5	19.1	36.0	14.4	5.0	20.2	33.2
2005	26.2	4.7	19.7	36.3	15.2	5.3	20.3	33.0
2006	26.6	4.9	20.3	36.7	15.2	5.7	21.5	32.6
2007	26.7	5.0	20.6	36.6	16.0	5.8	22.7	32.8
2008	26.7	5.2	20.5	36.3	17.0	6.6	24.3	32.2
2009	26.9	5.5	20.9	35.9	18.4	7.6	25.0	33.0
2010	27.4	6.0	21.8	36.2	19.0	9.2	26.6	32.5
2011	27.7	6.0	22.4	35.5	20.8	11.3	27.0	33.3
2012	28.7	6.6	23.1	36.1	22.3	13.1	28.9	35.4
2013	28.7	7.2	23.7	35.5	22.7	15.3	29.8	34.2
2014	29.4	7.4	24.1	35.5	24.3	17.2	31.7	35.1
2015	29.7	7.6	24.5	35.5	24.9	18.4	32.8	34.9
2016	30.9	8.6	24.9	36.8	26.9	19.6	34.3	36.3
2017	31.9	9.3	25.7	37.7	28.6	21.2	35.5	37.3
2018	32.9	10.6	26.6	38.7	29.6	22.3	36.4	38.5
2019	33.8	11.9	26.7	39.6	29.5	22.5	37.8	40.6
2020	34.2	13.4	26.1	40.3	30.6	23.0	38.4	40.6
2021	33.0	13.2	24.6	39.4	29.7	21.2	37.1	39.3
2022	35.8	15.3	27.7	42.5	30.8	21.9	39.6	42.1
2023	39.3	19.4	30.6	45.9	33.2	24.7	43.2	45.7
2024	42.3	23.6	32.8	48.7	36.3	27.2	46.4	48.7

Although the
contribution of foreign-born ladies to births elevated over time in all
provinces, its extent diversified. Ontario typically had the best proportion of
births to foreign-born moms throughout this era, besides in 2019 and 2020,
when British Columbia had barely larger proportions. For your entire interval
from 1997 to 2024, the Atlantic provinces recorded the bottom proportion of
births to foreign-born moms.

In 2024, Ontario
and British Columbia had the best proportion of births to foreign-born
moms (48.7%), adopted by Alberta (46.4%). At the identical time, the city
centres with the best proportions of immigrants in 2021 had been in these very provinces:
Toronto (47%), Vancouver (42%), and Calgary (32%) (Statistics Canada, 2022).

In distinction, the
Atlantic provinces had the bottom proportion of births to foreign-born moms
(23.6%) in 2024. Saskatchewan (27.2%), Quebec (32.8%) and Manitoba (36.3%) additionally
had proportions under the nationwide common (42.3%).

The proportion
of births to foreign-born ladies elevated the quickest in Saskatchewan, rising
from 5.1% in 1997 to 27.2% in 2024. In the province, the variety of new
immigrants beneath the Provincial Nominee Program elevated virtually fivefold
from 2007 to 2015 (Statistics Canada, 2024b), which can have contributed to this
speedy progress.

The Atlantic
provinces adopted Saskatchewan shut behind, the place the proportion of births to
foreign-born ladies elevated from 4.6% in 1997 to 23.6% in 2024. In distinction,
Ontario had the slowest progress within the contribution of foreign-born moms to
births over the examine interval, rising from 31.7% in 1997 to 48.7% in 2024.

Births
by moms’ nation of start in probably the most populous provinces of residence

Haiti,
Algeria, France and Morocco are the commonest nations of origin amongst
foreign-born moms in Quebec

The most typical nations of origin for foreign-born moms residing
in Quebec^Note 
differ considerably from the nationwide image. In 2024, the seven most typical
nations of origin had been (in descending order) Haiti (2.6%), Algeria (2.5%),
France (2.1%), Morocco (2.0%), China (0.9%), the Philippines (0.7%) and Lebanon
(0.6%). This profile partly displays the choice of worldwide migrants who
transfer to Quebec. These people are chosen partially primarily based on their information
of French, the language spoken by a big proportion of the inhabitants in
many of those seven nations. In 2022, this proportion was estimated at 98% in
France, 42% in Haiti, 38% in Lebanon, 36% in Morocco, and 33% in Algeria
(Marcoux et al., 2022). This proportion shouldn’t be recognized for China and the
Philippines; nevertheless, these two nations ranked second and thirteenth,
respectively, among the many world’s most populous nations in 2023 (United
Nations, 2024).

The mixed
contribution of those seven nations of mom’s origin to births in Quebec elevated
from 1997 (4.7%) to 2024 (11.4%), primarily as a result of rise in births to moms
born in Algeria, France and Morocco, in addition to Haiti in newer years. In
2024, the proportion of births to moms born in Haiti represented greater than
one-and-a-half occasions the proportion in 1997 (2.6% in contrast with 1.7%,
respectively). From 1997 to 2024, the proportion of births to moms born in
Algeria elevated eightfold (from 0.3% to 2.5%), tripled amongst new moms born
in France (from 0.7% to 2.1%), and quadrupled amongst new moms born in Morocco
(from 0.5% to 2.0%).

Data desk for Chart 12

Data desk for Chart 12

Table abstract
The info is grouped by Year (showing as row headers), Algeria, China, France, Haiti, Lebanon, Philippines and Morocco, calculated utilizing proportion (p.c) items of measure (showing as column headers).

Year	Algeria	China	France	Haiti	Lebanon	Philippines	Morocco
	proportion (p.c)
Notes: Births the place the mom’s fatherland is unknown had been prorated utilizing the donor imputation. Data for 2024 are thought of preliminary. Sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics – Birth Database (CVSB).
1997	0.3	0.4	0.7	1.7	0.8	0.3	0.5
1998	0.4	0.4	0.7	1.7	0.7	0.3	0.5
1999	0.3	0.4	0.5	1.6	0.6	0.3	0.4
2000	0.4	0.5	0.5	1.7	0.6	0.3	0.5
2001	0.5	0.5	0.6	1.6	0.5	0.2	0.5
2002	0.6	0.6	0.6	1.6	0.6	0.2	0.7
2003	1.0	0.7	0.6	1.6	0.6	0.4	1.0
2004	1.1	1.0	0.8	1.5	0.6	0.4	1.2
2005	1.3	0.9	0.7	1.5	0.7	0.4	1.3
2006	1.5	0.9	0.7	1.5	0.6	0.5	1.4
2007	1.6	1.0	0.8	1.4	0.7	0.5	1.6
2008	1.7	0.9	0.9	1.5	0.7	0.4	1.7
2009	1.9	0.8	1.0	1.6	0.7	0.5	1.7
2010	2.0	0.8	1.0	1.6	0.7	0.5	2.0
2011	2.1	0.9	1.1	1.6	0.7	0.5	2.1
2012	2.2	1.0	1.1	1.5	0.7	0.5	2.2
2013	2.2	1.0	1.2	1.5	0.6	0.5	2.1
2014	2.3	1.0	1.2	1.5	0.5	0.5	2.1
2015	2.4	0.9	1.4	1.6	0.6	0.5	2.1
2016	2.3	1.1	1.4	1.6	0.6	0.5	2.1
2017	2.3	1.1	1.3	1.8	0.6	0.6	2.1
2018	2.1	1.0	1.5	2.1	0.6	0.6	1.9
2019	2.3	1.0	1.6	2.1	0.5	0.6	1.9
2020	2.0	0.7	1.7	2.1	0.5	0.7	1.8
2021	1.9	0.8	1.8	1.7	0.4	0.6	1.6
2022	2.1	0.8	1.9	2.8	0.5	0.7	1.6
2023	2.1	0.8	2.0	2.9	0.6	0.7	1.8
2024	2.5	0.9	2.1	2.6	0.6	0.7	2.0

Sharp improve within the proportion
of births to moms born in India and residing in Ontario from 2017 to 2024

In Ontario, the seven
major start nations of foreign-born moms had been: India, Pakistan, China, the
Philippines, Sri Lanka, the United States and Jamaica.

From 1997 to
2016, the proportion of births to Chinese-born moms tripled (from 1.3%
to 4.2%) after which decreased to 2.5% in 2024. From 1997 to 2024, the share of births
to Indian-born moms elevated greater than fivefold (from 2.6% to 14.4%).
Furthermore, the proportion of births to Pakistan-born moms greater than
tripled between 1997 (0.8%) and 2006 (2.6%), then remained comparatively secure at
round 2.3% on common till 2019 and rose once more within the following years to 2.9%
in 2024.

Data desk for Chart 13

Data desk for Chart 13

Table abstract
The info is grouped by Year (showing as row headers), Sri Lanka, China, India, Jamaica, Pakistan, Philippines and United States, calculated utilizing proportion (p.c) items of measure (showing as column headers).

Year	Sri Lanka	China	India	Jamaica	Pakistan	Philippines	United States
	proportion (p.c)
Notes: Births the place the mom’s fatherland is unknown had been prorated utilizing the donor imputation. Data for 2024 are thought of preliminary. Sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics – Birth Database (CVSB).
1997	1.5	1.3	2.6	1.7	0.8	2.0	1.5
1998	1.5	1.5	2.8	1.6	1.0	1.9	1.3
1999	1.4	1.6	2.9	1.6	1.2	1.9	1.3
2000	1.5	2.2	3.1	1.6	1.5	1.9	1.3
2001	1.6	2.3	3.4	1.4	1.6	2.0	1.2
2002	1.6	2.8	3.5	1.4	1.9	1.9	1.2
2003	1.6	2.6	3.7	1.3	2.2	1.9	1.2
2004	1.7	3.1	4.2	1.2	2.3	1.9	1.1
2005	1.7	3.0	4.4	1.2	2.4	1.9	1.2
2006	1.7	3.1	4.4	1.2	2.6	2.0	1.2
2007	1.7	3.5	4.3	1.2	2.4	2.0	1.1
2008	1.7	3.2	4.1	1.2	2.4	2.1	1.1
2009	1.6	3.1	4.0	1.1	2.3	2.2	1.1
2010	1.7	3.2	4.1	1.1	2.4	2.2	1.1
2011	1.6	3.3	4.3	1.0	2.2	2.3	1.1
2012	1.5	3.9	4.2	1.0	2.1	2.4	1.1
2013	1.5	3.7	4.3	0.9	2.2	2.4	1.1
2014	1.5	4.1	4.2	0.9	2.2	2.4	1.1
2015	1.4	3.8	4.3	0.9	2.2	2.5	1.1
2016	1.4	4.2	4.4	0.9	2.4	2.6	1.1
2017	1.3	3.9	5.0	0.9	2.5	2.6	1.1
2018	1.3	3.6	5.3	0.9	2.4	2.7	1.0
2019	1.3	3.6	6.3	0.9	2.5	2.7	1.1
2020	1.2	3.1	7.5	0.9	2.6	2.7	1.0
2021	1.2	2.6	8.3	0.9	2.6	2.4	1.0
2022	1.2	2.6	9.8	0.9	2.9	2.6	1.0
2023	1.1	2.6	12.4	0.8	2.8	2.6	1.0
2024	1.1	2.5	14.4	0.8	2.9	2.8	1.0

New moms born within the
Philippines usually tend to dwell in Alberta

In Alberta, the
seven most typical nations of start for foreign-born moms had been India, the
Philippines, China, Pakistan, Mexico, the United States, and the United
Kingdom. In 2024, 23.6% of births within the province had been to moms from one in all
these nations, up from 8.0% in 1997.

Most generally,
the foreign-born moms residing in Alberta who gave start from 1997 to 2024 had been
born within the Philippines or India. The proportion of births to Phillipines-born moms
rose rapidly from 2.0% in 2007 to six.3% in 2020, then fell barely to five.7% in
2024. Nevertheless, since 2011, this share was the best among the many most
populous provinces, with British Columbia falling to second place since then.
Moreover, births to Indian-born moms elevated quickly in Alberta, from 4.1%
in 2016 to 11.8% in 2024. The proportion of births to Pakistan-born moms
elevated sixfold through the interval (from 0.3% in 1997 to 1.8% in 2024), whereas
the proportion of births to Mexican-born moms quadrupled (from 0.4% in 1997
to 1.5% in 2024).

Data desk for Chart 14

Data desk for Chart 14

Table abstract
The info is grouped by Year (showing as row headers), United Kingdom, China, India, Mexico, Pakistan, Philippines and United States, calculated utilizing proportion (p.c) items of measure (showing as column headers).

Year	United Kingdom	China	India	Mexico	Pakistan	Philippines	United States
	proportion (p.c)
Notes: Births the place the mom’s fatherland is unknown had been prorated utilizing the donor imputation. Data for 2024 are thought of preliminary. Sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics – Birth Database (CVSB).
1997	1.6	0.9	1.6	0.4	0.3	1.7	1.5
1998	1.6	1.1	1.8	0.4	0.4	1.7	1.5
1999	1.5	0.9	1.7	0.4	0.4	1.7	1.6
2000	1.4	1.2	1.8	0.5	0.5	1.8	1.5
2001	1.4	1.0	1.9	0.6	0.5	1.8	1.4
2002	1.3	1.1	2.0	0.5	0.7	1.9	1.4
2003	1.2	1.1	2.1	0.6	0.6	1.7	1.4
2004	1.2	1.3	2.3	0.6	0.9	1.9	1.4
2005	1.1	1.4	2.1	0.8	0.9	1.8	1.3
2006	1.0	1.6	2.4	0.8	1.2	2.0	1.3
2007	1.0	1.8	2.4	1.0	1.3	2.0	1.2
2008	1.0	1.7	2.5	1.1	1.3	2.3	1.2
2009	1.0	1.6	2.7	1.2	1.4	2.7	1.2
2010	0.8	1.8	2.9	1.4	1.4	3.1	1.3
2011	0.8	1.6	3.0	1.3	1.4	3.7	1.1
2012	0.8	2.0	3.1	1.3	1.4	4.1	1.3
2013	0.8	1.8	3.4	1.4	1.5	4.7	1.3
2014	0.7	2.1	3.6	1.4	1.4	5.1	1.2
2015	0.8	1.7	3.9	1.4	1.4	5.6	1.2
2016	0.7	2.1	4.1	1.4	1.5	5.7	1.2
2017	0.7	1.9	4.7	1.4	1.6	6.0	1.2
2018	0.7	1.7	5.3	1.4	1.5	6.1	1.2
2019	0.6	1.9	5.8	1.5	1.5	6.2	1.2
2020	0.7	1.6	6.5	1.5	1.5	6.3	1.2
2021	0.7	1.3	6.7	1.3	1.5	5.5	1.1
2022	0.6	1.3	7.6	1.3	1.8	5.8	1.2
2023	0.6	1.2	9.8	1.5	1.8	5.7	1.1
2024	0.5	1.3	11.8	1.5	1.8	5.7	1.0

British Columbia’s foreign-born
moms are comparatively concentrated amongst a small variety of nations of origin

In British Columbia, the nations of origin of foreign-born moms
are extra concentrated amongst seven nations: India, China, the Philippines, the
United States, South Korea, the United Kingdom and Vietnam. The share of births
to Chinese-born moms residing in British Columbia greater than doubled in 17
years (from 2.9% in 1997 to 7.8% in 2014), then fell virtually 40% over a 10-year
interval to 4.7% in 2024. At the identical time, the proportion of births to Indian-born
moms fell by practically one proportion level and went from the best
proportion amongst nations in 1997 (6.3%) to the second highest in 2014 (5.4%).
In the ten years that adopted, the contribution of Indian-born moms to
births in British Columbia rose greater than two-and-a-half occasions to 14.5% in
2024, placing India again in high spot far forward of the opposite nations.
Throughout the interval, the proportion of moms born within the Philippines ranked
third, rising from 2.6% in 1997 to 4.3% in 2024.

Data desk for Chart 15

Data desk for Chart 15

Table abstract
The info is grouped by Year (showing as row headers), South Korea, China, India, Vietnam, United Kingdom, Philippines and United States, calculated utilizing proportion (p.c) items of measure (showing as column headers).

Year	South Korea	China	India	Vietnam	United Kingdom	Philippines	United States
	proportion (p.c)
Notes: Births the place the mom’s fatherland is unknown had been prorated utilizing the donor imputation. Data for 2024 are thought of preliminary. Sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics – Birth Database (CVSB).
1997	0.4	2.9	6.3	1.6	2.3	2.6	2.0
1998	0.5	3.0	6.7	1.3	2.3	2.6	2.0
1999	0.6	3.2	6.1	1.5	2.2	2.9	1.8
2000	0.8	3.8	6.6	1.8	2.0	3.0	1.7
2001	0.8	3.7	6.7	1.5	2.0	2.9	1.9
2002	0.9	4.4	6.7	1.6	1.9	3.1	1.8
2003	1.0	3.8	6.7	1.8	1.9	2.9	1.7
2004	1.1	4.3	6.9	1.6	1.8	2.8	1.8
2005	1.0	4.5	6.7	1.5	1.7	3.0	1.7
2006	1.0	4.7	6.5	1.4	1.6	2.9	1.7
2007	1.0	5.3	6.1	1.5	1.6	3.0	1.6
2008	1.1	4.9	6.5	1.2	1.4	3.0	1.6
2009	1.0	4.8	6.3	1.2	1.5	3.2	1.7
2010	1.1	5.2	6.3	1.0	1.4	3.2	1.5
2011	1.1	5.3	6.5	1.0	1.2	3.5	1.7
2012	1.2	6.5	6.2	1.1	1.3	3.5	1.6
2013	1.1	6.2	6.0	0.9	1.1	3.6	1.7
2014	1.2	7.8	5.4	0.8	1.1	3.5	1.6
2015	1.2	6.4	5.8	0.9	1.2	3.8	1.6
2016	1.2	7.7	5.6	0.8	1.0	3.8	1.6
2017	1.4	7.3	6.3	0.8	1.1	3.9	1.5
2018	1.3	6.9	6.8	0.8	1.0	4.1	1.6
2019	1.3	7.5	7.6	0.8	1.1	4.3	1.6
2020	1.3	5.6	8.9	0.9	1.0	4.3	1.6
2021	1.3	4.3	9.0	0.7	1.2	3.9	1.7
2022	1.3	4.4	10.0	0.8	1.1	4.4	1.5
2023	1.2	4.5	12.7	0.8	1.1	4.3	1.6
2024	1.3	4.7	14.5	0.9	1.1	4.3	1.4

Average age of childbearing within the
provinces by mom’s fatherland

The common age of childbearing of foreign-born moms
continues to be lowest in Manitoba and highest in British Columbia and Quebec

Despite some annual fluctuations, the common age of moms born
outdoors Canada rose in all of the provinces from 1997 to 2021. It then plateaued in
2022, then declined in a number of provinces in 2023 and 2024. In addition, age
variations between provinces grew barely wider over the interval.

During the interval of examine, foreign-born moms typically gave
start at a youthful age than the nationwide common age of foreign-born moms if
they had been residing within the Prairie or Atlantic provinces.

Manitoba had the bottom age (30.0 years in 1997 and 32.3 years in
2024). Even these lowest ages had been larger than the best common ages at
childbirth amongst Canadian-born ladies in Ontario and British Columbia (besides in
British Columbia in 2023 and 2024).

Data desk for Chart 16

Data desk for Chart 16

Table abstract
The info is grouped by Year (showing as row headers), Canada, Atlantic provinces, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia, calculated utilizing common age in years items of measure (showing as column headers).

Year	Canada	Atlantic provinces	Quebec	Ontario	Manitoba	Saskatchewan	Alberta	British Columbia
	common age in years
Notes: Births the place the mom’s fatherland is unknown had been prorated utilizing the donor imputation. Data for 2024 are thought of preliminary. Sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics – Birth Database (CVSB).
1997	30.52	30.04	30.17	30.70	30.02	30.33	30.04	30.60
1998	30.61	30.34	30.24	30.79	30.12	30.37	30.28	30.61
1999	30.74	30.48	30.41	30.87	30.01	30.48	30.40	30.88
2000	30.73	30.59	30.57	30.78	30.00	30.30	30.54	30.94
2001	30.86	30.90	30.64	30.89	30.20	30.48	30.61	31.19
2002	30.98	30.94	30.70	31.01	30.21	30.44	30.70	31.44
2003	31.07	30.99	30.91	31.07	30.16	31.29	30.75	31.51
2004	31.12	31.08	31.11	31.12	30.12	30.83	30.67	31.60
2005	31.17	31.22	31.10	31.14	30.35	30.46	30.86	31.71
2006	31.26	30.94	31.33	31.20	30.35	30.91	30.96	31.77
2007	31.40	31.32	31.50	31.36	30.42	30.92	30.94	31.94
2008	31.45	31.24	31.54	31.45	30.45	30.77	31.00	31.95
2009	31.51	31.32	31.66	31.50	30.54	30.65	31.02	32.06
2010	31.63	30.90	31.81	31.64	30.59	30.68	31.21	32.16
2011	31.77	31.26	32.08	31.77	30.43	30.84	31.32	32.17
2012	31.84	31.23	32.17	31.81	30.88	31.05	31.40	32.30
2013	31.99	31.15	32.34	31.97	30.86	31.31	31.59	32.46
2014	32.12	31.41	32.53	32.12	31.02	31.07	31.76	32.53
2015	32.25	31.57	32.65	32.23	31.30	31.49	31.85	32.67
2016	32.34	31.59	32.80	32.29	31.36	31.44	32.04	32.75
2017	32.43	31.68	32.88	32.40	31.54	31.66	32.12	32.80
2018	32.61	31.90	32.98	32.60	31.79	31.85	32.36	32.95
2019	32.70	32.44	33.06	32.66	31.90	32.16	32.49	32.95
2020	32.73	32.32	33.17	32.67	32.10	32.22	32.46	33.02
2021	32.94	32.58	33.34	32.87	32.08	32.69	32.72	33.28
2022	32.94	32.70	33.19	32.91	32.36	32.63	32.67	33.27
2023	32.77	32.32	33.08	32.71	32.10	32.62	32.59	33.10
2024	32.73	32.46	32.99	32.67	32.25	32.49	32.52	33.12

Foreign-born moms residing within the Atlantic provinces (whose common
age was 30.0 years in 1997 and 32.5 years in 2024) and Saskatchewan (whose
common age was 30.3 years in 1997 and 32.5 years in 2024) had barely larger common
ages of childbearing than these residing in Manitoba or in Alberta (30.0 years in
1997 and 32.5 years in 2024).

Not surprisingly, the common age at childbirth of moms born
outdoors Canada who had been residing in Ontario (30.7 years in 1997 and 32.7 years in
2024) had been just like that of all foreign-born moms, primarily as a result of
province’s massive demographic weight.

The common age of childbearing amongst foreign-born moms residing in
Quebec rose from 30.2 years in 1997 to 33.0 years in 2024, outpacing the
nationwide common from 2006 onward and reaching the best common ages at
childbirth amongst foreign-born moms residing in British Columbia (30.6 years in
1997 and 33.1 years in 2024). Lastly, foreign-born moms have the next common
age of childbearing than Canadian-born moms in all of the provinces.

Data desk for Chart 17

Data desk for Chart 17

Table abstract
The info is grouped by Year (showing as row headers), Canada, Atlantic provinces, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia, calculated utilizing common age in years items of measure (showing as column headers).

Year	Canada	Atlantic provinces	Quebec	Ontario	Manitoba	Saskatchewan	Alberta	British Columbia
	common age in years
Notes: Births the place the mom’s fatherland is unknown had been prorated utilizing the donor imputation. Data for 2024 are thought of preliminary. Sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics – Birth Database (CVSB).
1997	28.61	27.69	28.59	29.28	27.64	27.08	28.26	28.87
1998	28.62	27.83	28.58	29.28	27.50	27.02	28.22	28.98
1999	28.70	27.99	28.61	29.40	27.60	27.04	28.26	29.08
2000	28.76	28.06	28.56	29.49	27.64	27.09	28.36	29.31
2001	28.92	28.32	28.66	29.69	27.76	27.22	28.44	29.44
2002	28.97	28.48	28.72	29.71	27.80	27.40	28.44	29.48
2003	29.09	28.56	28.85	29.85	27.93	27.38	28.59	29.63
2004	29.20	28.69	29.00	29.98	27.90	27.29	28.65	29.76
2005	29.23	28.71	29.03	30.01	27.97	27.33	28.67	29.74
2006	29.24	28.77	29.19	29.98	27.91	27.26	28.60	29.76
2007	29.24	28.70	29.22	30.01	27.85	27.39	28.61	29.71
2008	29.27	28.69	29.31	29.96	27.88	27.36	28.74	29.78
2009	29.33	28.68	29.33	30.03	27.89	27.49	28.86	29.85
2010	29.47	28.72	29.49	30.13	28.09	27.67	29.03	30.02
2011	29.57	28.83	29.56	30.18	28.09	27.83	29.18	30.19
2012	29.67	28.90	29.69	30.27	28.24	27.96	29.24	30.32
2013	29.80	29.12	29.82	30.37	28.49	28.14	29.34	30.50
2014	29.89	29.18	29.92	30.42	28.48	28.32	29.55	30.60
2015	30.05	29.28	30.04	30.58	28.76	28.51	29.68	30.77
2016	30.16	29.42	30.05	30.68	28.80	28.65	29.95	30.94
2017	30.29	29.53	30.07	30.82	28.98	28.92	30.09	31.16
2018	30.44	29.64	30.17	30.99	29.10	29.04	30.33	31.34
2019	30.57	29.65	30.28	31.12	29.36	29.12	30.49	31.48
2020	30.69	29.92	30.31	31.29	29.42	29.17	30.59	31.71
2021	30.90	30.02	30.52	31.49	29.67	29.35	30.81	31.96
2022	31.04	30.21	30.62	31.64	29.76	29.60	30.95	32.10
2023	31.17	30.38	30.76	31.76	29.89	29.65	31.01	32.27
2024	31.31	30.56	31.01	31.89	29.83	29.70	31.05	32.35

Among Canadian-born moms, regional variations within the common age
of childbearing are just like these noticed amongst foreign-born moms. In
different phrases, the common age of childbearing is decrease within the Prairie provinces
and the Atlantic provinces, whereas it was larger in each British Columbia and Ontario.

Data desk for Chart 18

Data desk for Chart 18

Table abstract
The info is grouped by Year (showing as row headers), Canada, Atlantic provinces, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia, calculated utilizing age distinction in years items of measure (showing as column headers).

Year	Canada	Atlantic provinces	Quebec	Ontario	Manitoba	Saskatchewan	Alberta	British Columbia
	age distinction in years
Notes: Births the place the mom’s fatherland is unknown had been prorated utilizing the donor imputation. Data for 2024 are thought of preliminary. Sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics – Birth Database (CVSB).
1997	1.91	2.35	1.58	1.42	2.38	3.24	1.78	1.73
1998	1.98	2.51	1.65	1.50	2.62	3.35	2.06	1.63
1999	2.03	2.48	1.79	1.47	2.41	3.44	2.14	1.80
2000	1.97	2.54	2.01	1.28	2.37	3.21	2.18	1.63
2001	1.94	2.59	1.98	1.20	2.44	3.26	2.18	1.74
2002	2.01	2.47	1.98	1.30	2.41	3.04	2.26	1.96
2003	1.98	2.43	2.07	1.23	2.23	3.91	2.16	1.88
2004	1.92	2.39	2.11	1.14	2.22	3.54	2.03	1.84
2005	1.94	2.52	2.06	1.13	2.38	3.13	2.18	1.97
2006	2.02	2.17	2.15	1.22	2.44	3.65	2.36	2.01
2007	2.15	2.62	2.28	1.35	2.57	3.53	2.33	2.23
2008	2.17	2.55	2.23	1.49	2.57	3.41	2.26	2.16
2009	2.18	2.64	2.34	1.47	2.66	3.16	2.16	2.21
2010	2.17	2.18	2.32	1.51	2.50	3.01	2.19	2.14
2011	2.20	2.43	2.52	1.59	2.35	3.00	2.14	1.98
2012	2.18	2.33	2.48	1.54	2.64	3.10	2.16	1.98
2013	2.19	2.02	2.52	1.60	2.37	3.17	2.26	1.96
2014	2.23	2.23	2.60	1.71	2.54	2.75	2.21	1.93
2015	2.20	2.29	2.62	1.65	2.55	2.98	2.17	1.91
2016	2.18	2.17	2.75	1.61	2.56	2.80	2.09	1.81
2017	2.14	2.15	2.80	1.59	2.56	2.74	2.03	1.64
2018	2.18	2.26	2.81	1.61	2.69	2.81	2.03	1.61
2019	2.13	2.79	2.78	1.53	2.54	3.04	2.00	1.46
2020	2.04	2.41	2.86	1.38	2.68	3.05	1.88	1.30
2021	2.04	2.56	2.82	1.38	2.41	3.34	1.91	1.32
2022	1.91	2.49	2.57	1.28	2.60	3.03	1.72	1.17
2023	1.61	1.95	2.32	0.94	2.21	2.97	1.57	0.83
2024	1.43	1.90	1.98	0.78	2.42	2.79	1.46	0.77

Further inspecting the variations within the common age of childbearing
between foreign-born moms and Canadian-born moms from 1997 to 2024, the
variation between the best and lowest values by no means exceeded 0.95 years in
any province, besides in British Columbia (1.46-year distinction), Quebec (1.28-year
distinction) and Saskatchewan (1.17-year distinction).

Conclusion

Beneath the
total decline in births in Canada since 2017, following practically a decade of stagnation,
there have been vital variations within the quantity, development and traits of
these births in response to the moms’ fatherland. This examine confirmed that the
variety of births to foreign-born moms elevated throughout this era, whereas
births to Canadian-born moms declined after 2009, that means that with out the
contribution of foreign-born moms, births in Canada would have decreased since
2010. Furthermore, with out this contribution of foreign-mothered births, as
nicely as deaths of foreign-born people over this era, pure improve
in Canada would have fallen into damaging in 2022.

Similarly, the
proportion of births to foreign-born moms typically elevated from 1997 to
2024, besides in 2021, when this share fell sharply because the variety of births to foreign-born
moms decreased whereas the variety of births to Canadian-born moms noticed a big
however short-lived surge.

Overall, extra
than two in 5 newborns in Canada had a foreign-born mom in 2024, virtually
twice the proportion noticed in 1997. The contribution of foreign-born moms
to births was highest in Ontario and British Columbia, the place practically half of births
in 2024 had been to foreign-born moms. In distinction, this proportion was simply
over one in 5 within the Atlantic provinces. Nevertheless, this area had amongst
the best will increase within the proportion of births to foreign-born moms from
1997 to 2024, together with Saskatchewan, Alberta, and Manitoba.

Births to Indian-born
moms accounted for the biggest share of all births to foreign-born moms, rising
practically fivefold over the previous 25 years. After India, moms of overseas origin
got here from China or the Philippines. These are additionally the three most typical nations
of origin amongst foreign-born moms residing in Ontario and British Columbia. In distinction, in Quebec, the primary nations of start of foreign-born moms
had been Haiti, Algeria, France and Morocco. The choice of immigrants primarily based on
their information of French, the province’s official language, most certainly
contributes to this distinction.

Regardless of their
nation of start, the common age of moms on the time of start elevated
over the interval of examine. However, the common age of childbearing was
constantly larger amongst foreign-born moms than amongst Canadian-born moms
at each the nationwide and provincial ranges. Furthermore, moms’ common age
at childbirth was highest in British Columbia and lowest within the Prairie and
Atlantic provinces, no matter their nation of start. In addition, over your entire interval of
examine, the contribution of foreign-born ladies to Canadian births elevated with
age. There could also be a number of causes for the older age profile of childbearing for
foreign-born moms: arriving in Canada later in life; having a number of
kids earlier than shifting to Canada; having extra kids on common; or just
ready earlier than having their first or one other baby. Further analysis might
present a extra detailed portrait of the scenario of foreign-born moms
giving start in Canada.

Lastly, one in all
the constraints of the examine is the impossibility of figuring out whether or not
moms had been residents or residents (everlasting or non-permanent), as this
info shouldn’t be accessible in start registrations. Given the speedy improve
within the variety of non-permanent residents in Canada in recent times, future
analysis to establish births to ladies with non-permanent resident standing amongst
foreign-born moms would additional our information of the results of everlasting
and momentary immigration on the renewal of the Canadian inhabitants. Another
limitation of the examine is that the nation of origin of the daddy was not
thought of, underestimating births with not less than one foreign-born mum or dad.

Appendix

Data sources, definitions and strategies

Data sources

Birth knowledge

Unless in any other case specified, the info used
on this examine are from the Canadian
Vital Statistics – Birth Database (CVSB).

The CVSB is an administrative survey that
collects demographic info yearly from all provincial and territorial
very important statistics registries on all dwell births in Canada. The 2024 knowledge are
thought of preliminary. It needs to be famous that fewer births had been recorded in for
Nova Scotia in 2021 attributable to protection points.

The geographic distribution of dwell births
relies on the mom’s regular place of residence.

The mom is the one who provides start to
the kid. This doesn’t embody adoptive mother and father (male or feminine). In sure
jurisdictions, info on the mom or father might include info on
the opposite mum or dad, which in some instances is one other lady or man. Statistics
Canada is unable to establish or quantify these instances.

Death knowledge

The demise knowledge used within the part on
pure improve come from the Canadian
Vital Statistics – Death Database (CVSD).

The CVSD is an administrative survey that
collects demographic and medical (cause-of-death) info yearly and
month-to-month from all provincial and territorial very important statistics registries on all
deaths in Canada. The 2023 knowledge are thought of preliminary. It needs to be famous
that fewer deaths had been recorded in Nova Scotia in 2023 because of delays in
registering deaths.

Population knowledge

Data from the Canadian Census
of Population for the years 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, and 2021 had been
used to calculate the proportion of the inhabitants aged 15 to 49 who had been
feminine (at start) and born in a foreign country. Statistics Canada conducts the
Census of Population each 5 years to color a statistical portrait of the
nation and its inhabitants on a given day. A pattern of roughly 25% of
Canadian households receives a long-form questionnaire that features questions on
fatherland. All different households obtain a short-form questionnaire.

The census enumerates your entire Canadian
inhabitants, on a “usual residence” foundation (de jure). The inhabitants enumerated
consists of regular residents of Canada who’re Canadian residents (by start or
naturalization), landed immigrants and non-permanent residents and their
households residing with them in Canada. Non-permanent residents are people
who maintain a piece or pupil allow or who search safety in Canada by searching for asylum
(which doesn’t imply that they’re refugees or protected individuals who’re landed
immigrants). The census additionally counts Canadian residents and landed immigrants who
are quickly outdoors the nation on Census Day. Foreign residents equivalent to
representatives of a overseas authorities assigned to an embassy, excessive fee
or different diplomatic mission in Canada, and residents of one other nation who’re
visiting Canada quickly usually are not lined by the census.

Definitions

Average age of mom at childbirth or
at supply: The common (or imply) age in a given
yr of moms on the start of their baby. The age of a mom is taken into account
her age attained at her final birthday previous supply. Births for which the
mom’s age is unknown had been prorated utilizing the noticed distribution.

Foreign-born people: Individuals who report a rustic of start apart from Canada,
together with immigrants, non-permanent residents and non-immigrants born outdoors
Canada.

High-income nation: A high-income nation is outlined as a nation with a gross nationwide
earnings (GNI) per capita of $13,935 (US$) or extra, as categorised by the World
Bank. These nations usually have superior economies, excessive requirements of
residing, and well-developed infrastructure.

Live start: The
full expulsion or extraction from its mom of a product of conception, regardless
of the period of the being pregnant, which, after such separation, breathes or
reveals every other proof of life, equivalent to beating of the center, pulsation of
the umbilical wire, or particular motion of voluntary muscular tissues, whether or not or not
the umbilical wire has been lower or the placenta is hooked up.

Natural improve: Variation within the dimension of a inhabitants between two dates ensuing
from the distinction between the variety of births and deaths.

Methods

Donor imputation when nation of start of the mom is
lacking

In instances the place the nation of start of the
mom is unknown, “hot deck” imputation was carried out. Essentially, this
entails changing lacking solutions to sure questions with values borrowed
from different respondents. The donor will be randomly chosen from a bunch of
donors with the identical set of predetermined traits. In this case, the
donor (the particular person from whom the nation of start reply is borrowed) was
decided utilizing the next variables: final title, postal code, age and, for
births, the infant’s start weight. The alternative of those variables relies on the
following validated hypotheses: sure final names are extra widespread than others
in sure nations; first-generation immigrants are inclined to dwell in sure
neighbourhoods primarily based on their group of origin (extra so primarily based on their
nation of start); age on the time of the occasion varies in response to ethnicity;
there’s a disparity within the child’s start weight primarily based on the mom’s
ethnicity.

“Mother born outside Canada” class particular
to Quebec

Quebec is the one province that makes use of the
basic class “mother born outside Canada” when the nation of start of
moms who dwell within the province was not reported. This class additionally has the
highest variety of births amongst all different nations. Moreover, in Quebec, amongst
births to foreign-born moms, one-third on common had been from seven particular
nations of origin, in contrast with half for the opposite most populous provinces.
To assess the impression of this “catch-all” class on the distribution of the
seven most typical nations of start of the mom in Quebec, donor imputation
assessments had been performed. These assessments confirmed a small distinction with the
non-imputed knowledge, indicating that the nations of start of moms are extra
heterogeneously distributed among the many reported nations of start of moms residing
in Quebec than within the different extra populous provinces. In addition, it needs to be
famous that some Quebec establishments that return start certificates to the ISQ extra
usually verify the class “mother born outside Canada” than others, but not
systematically, and that this class is proportionately much less and fewer used.
As a consequence, it was determined to retain the unique knowledge with out imputation.

Calculating the common age of childbearing utilizing numbers

The common age of childbearing calculated utilizing
numbers is the common age of moms on the start of their baby for a given
yr. The mom’s age is taken into account her age attained at her final birthday
previous supply. For a given yr, the common age is calculated by including
the births by single age that had been multiplied by the age at mid-year, then
dividing this sum by the entire variety of births. Births for which the mom’s
age is unknown had been prorated utilizing the noticed distribution.

By comparability, the common age of
childbearing calculated from fertility charges (Statistics
Canada, Table 13-10-0417-01) entails including the single-age fertility charges
multiplied by the mid-year age, then dividing this sum by the entire fertility
charge. It was determined to current the common age of childbearing calculated from
numbers, since fertility charges weren’t accessible for foreign-born ladies, as
their inhabitants for every year was unknown. The nationwide common age of
childbearing calculated from the numbers was barely larger —by a mean of
0.2 years for the interval of examine— than the common age calculated from
fertility charges.

Imputation within the very important statistics Birth Database

Statistics Canada makes use of imputation to
exchange lacking knowledge for province or territory of residence, the kid’s intercourse,
and the mom’s age and date of start. Missing knowledge on province or territory
of residence had been imputed primarily based on the province or territory of the placement of
the occasion. Missing knowledge on the kid’s intercourse had been imputed utilizing the distribution
of births in recent times. Missing age values had been imputed utilizing the date of
start (if supplied) or the median age noticed within the mom’s province of
residence. Missing dates of start had been imputed utilizing a call desk primarily based on
the mom’s age and the kid’s date of start. In basic, these imputations
have a negligible impression on annual data.

Census web undercoverage of immigrant and non-permanent
resident ladies

The proportion of girls aged 15 to 49 born
outdoors Canada, in response to the Canadian censuses, is probably going underestimated
as a result of, regardless of rigorous high quality requirements, there’s nonetheless web undercoverage
of the census enumerated (Statistics Canada, 2024a). Certain subpopulations are
extra affected than others, equivalent to immigrants and non-permanent residents, and
males extra so than ladies. Therefore, when 2021 Census knowledge are adjusted to
account for web undercoverage^Note 
of immigrant ladies in Quebec, Ontario, Alberta and British Columbia,^Note  and of
non-permanent residents,^Note 
the proportion of foreign-born ladies of childbearing age is estimated at 32.3%
quite than 30.7%. When the identical web undercoverage charge for immigrant ladies in
2021 is utilized to earlier censuses for which the speed was not calculated for
this explicit subpopulation, the adjusted proportion of foreign-born ladies
in response to the census is constantly larger than the recognized proportion, as
proven within the chart within the field, “The foreign-born feminine inhabitants in response to
the census.”

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