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- When sufficiently chilled, matter can transform into unusual phases that seem to be one thing, yet act like another.
- Indium is part of a category of elements that has never been brought to an ultracold state previously, but a group of scientists has at last succeeded in cooling it to a temperature just shy of absolute zero.
- Future applications of ultracool indium atoms might include predicting the behavior of novel materials, powering exceptionally accurate atomic clocks, among other things.
When physics encounters extreme cold, it can be particularly fascinating.
Matter exists in more than just three forms. Alongside solids, liquids, and gases, there are extraordinary states of matter such as supersolids (which exhibit properties of both solids and liquids) and quantum fluids (composed of light particles that collectively mimic a fluid). Numerous varieties of these states of matter are produced in laboratories under conditions like extreme cold.
Presently, ultracold indium may foster a new state of matter that appears to belong in science fiction. This highly lustrous element is easily manipulated, softer than lead, highly ductile (maintaining pliability without becoming rigid), and malleable (can be hammered and pressed extensively without fracturing). It also retains these characteristics even at exceptionally low temperatures.
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