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The initial black hole ever photographed continues to astonish scientists. Captured by the Event Horizon Telescope in 2019, M87*, has recently been observed releasing a significant gamma-ray flare. Investigating this phenomenon may assist researchers in understanding how particles behave in proximity to black holes.
Scientists understand that at some point in this sequence, the particles acquire an immense amount of energy — but they are unclear exactly when this occurs.
The gamma-ray flare emitted by M87*, positioned 55 million light-years away at the core of the galaxy M87, included photons, or bundles of light, that each possessed several teraelectronvolts of energy — roughly equivalent to a flying mosquito. That represents a staggering amount of energy for such diminutive particles. “They’re moving close to the speed of light, and we aim to comprehend where and how they obtain such energy,” study co-author Weidong Jin, an astronomer from the University of California, Los Angeles, expressed in a statement.
To learn more, Jin and his team gathered data from M87* utilizing the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS) located in Arizona. They then analyzed it employing a method known as spectral energy distribution. “It’s similar to separating the light into a rainbow and gauging how much energy is contained in each color,” Jin mentioned.
This approach helped establish the incredible quantity of energy contained within the black hole’s nearly 15 billion-mile-long (24 billion kilometers) flare. Further examination indicated that the accretion disk altered its position relative to the jet, hinting that the event horizon — the limit at which matter can no longer evade the black hole’s gravitational influence — affects the solar flare’s dimensions and path.
Subsequent studies on gamma-ray flares could unveil when and how black holes bestow such vast energy upon the particles surrounding them.
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