Onshore Human Swimming Movement Measurement and Dynamic Evaluation Utilizing Wearable Inertial Sensors

Abstract

Accurately measuring and assessing human swimming efficiency stays difficult as a consequence of difficulties in capturing full-body movement in horizontal postures and evaluating swimming dynamics primarily based on measured knowledge. This research proposes an built-in framework combining wearable inertial measurement items (IMUs), an onshore swim coach, and a multi-rigid-body dynamic mannequin to measure swimming kinematics and consider swimming efficiency. Seventeen wi-fi IMUs are used to seize full-body movement knowledge throughout onshore breaststroke, freestyle, and butterfly strokes, and comparability with optical movement seize knowledge demonstrates that the IMU-based measurement scheme has good validity (Spearman’s correlation > 0.75), reliability (ICC > 0.75), and accuracy (NRMSE < 25%) for many physique segments. However, decrease limb and trunk motions deviate from typical in-water patterns as a consequence of restricted downward swing on the onshore coach. To assess swimming efficiency with the IMU-measured knowledge, a Newton-Euler dynamic mannequin incorporating fluid forces is developed. Simulations reveal that stroke frequency (SF) has a major impact on swimming velocity and propulsion power throughout the three strokes. Two case research additional display the framework’s potential for movement optimization: modifying arm actions in freestyle and trunk actions in butterfly can enhance swimming efficiency. Overall, this framework permits dependable and environment friendly onshore swimming movement measurement, dynamic efficiency evaluation, and individualized method optimization, which may present a supplementary device and preliminary screening methodology for guiding swimming coaching and swimming robotic growth.