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Abstract
University college students might expertise a variety of educational, social, and psychological stressors that may negatively have an effect on emotional well-being. Although bodily train is widely known as useful for psychological well being, proof concerning the emotional results of structured swimming packages in particular college subgroups stays restricted. The goal of this research was to look at the results of a 10-week structured swimming train program on emotional well-being, assessed by way of happiness and hopelessness ranges, in feminine college students enrolled in a Faculty of Sport Sciences. This research used an experimental pretest-posttest management group design. A complete of 42 feminine college students aged 18–22 years had been randomly assigned to a Swimming Exercise Group (n = 21) or a Control Group (n = 21). The Swimming Exercise Group participated in a supervised swimming program twice per week for 10 weeks, whereas the Control Group maintained their typical routines with none structured train intervention. Emotional standing was assessed earlier than and after the intervention utilizing the Beck Hopelessness Scale and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire–Short Form. Data had been analyzed utilizing mixed-design ANOVA, and impact sizes had been calculated utilizing partial eta squared (η²p). The outcomes revealed vital group × time interplay results for each hopelessness and happiness (p < .05). Hopelessness decreased considerably within the Swimming Exercise Group, whereas no significant change was noticed within the Control Group (η²p = 0.30). In distinction, happiness elevated considerably solely within the Swimming Exercise Group, with a big impact measurement (η²p = 0.41). A ten-week structured swimming train program was related to statistically vital enhancements in self-reported emotional well-being in feminine sport sciences college students. However, these findings must be interpreted throughout the context of a comparatively homogeneous, bodily lively, and non-clinical pattern, and shouldn’t be generalized to the broader college pupil inhabitants. Swimming might symbolize a promising supportive train modality in related pupil teams, though additional analysis is required in additional various college populations.
Summary
Keywords
emotional well-being, happiness, Hopelessness, swimming exercise, university students
Received
21 February 2026
Accepted
11 May 2026
Copyright
© 2026 Yazıcıoğlu Çalışan, Yıldız, Batalik and Yüceant. This is an open-access article distributed underneath the phrases of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or copy in different boards is permitted, supplied the unique writer(s) or licensor are credited and that the unique publication on this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted educational follow. No use, distribution or copy is permitted which doesn’t adjust to these phrases.
*Correspondence: Ladislav Batalik
Disclaimer
All claims expressed on this article are solely these of the authors and don’t essentially symbolize these of their affiliated organizations, or these of the writer, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that could be evaluated on this article or declare that could be made by its producer just isn’t assured or endorsed by the writer.
This web page was created programmatically, to learn the article in its authentic location you possibly can go to the hyperlink bellow:
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1814833/full
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